Kiwifruit varieties - which kiwifruit plants and vines to buy 猕猴桃品种-购买哪些猕猴桃植物和葡萄藤
Insights
▲Kiwifruit pollen
June 20, 2020
There are three main kiwifruit varieties currently grown commercially in New Zealand. Green (Hayward) and SunGold g3 (Gold3) form the large majority of producing hectares. More recently, a new Red coloured kiwifruit variety has also become commercially available but only a small amount of license is currently available. The variety you grow will depend on several factors including license availability, your orchard site, overall budget and desired returns.
▲Yellow kiwi
新西兰目前有三种主要的猕猴桃品种进行商业种植。绿色（Hayward）和阳光金果（Gold3）构成了大部分生产公顷。最近，一种新的红色猕猴桃品种也已上市，但目前只有少量许可证。您种植的品种将取决于几个因素，包括许可证可用性、您的果园场地、总体预算和预期回报。
▲Red heart kiwifruit seedling
When choosing a variety, there are several key questions you will need to answer. These are:
What budget are you working to and what are your expectations around returns? Gold3 has higher returns, but also costs significantly more to grow compared to Hayward due to the cost of license
What are your desired time frames from planting to full production? Gold3 and Red varieties generally reach full production in a shorter timeframe than Hayward
Site factors: Some varieties are better suited in some regions and/or sites
This article is designed to help growers and investors understand the different kiwifruit varieties in New Zealand and which are available to buy from Southern Cross Horticulture.
▲redkiwifruit▲
选择品种时，您需要回答几个关键问题。这些是：
您的预算是多少？您对回报的期望是什么？Gold3的回报更高，但由于许可证成本的原因，与Hayward相比，它的增长成本也要高得多
从种植到全面生产，您希望的时间框架是什么？Gold3和Red品种通常比Hayward在更短的时间内实现全面生产
场地因素：某些品种更适合某些地区和/或场地
本文旨在帮助种植者和投资者了解新西兰不同的猕猴桃品种，这些品种可从Southern Cross园艺公司购买。
▲红心猕猴桃图片▲
Gold Kiwifruit Cultivars
Gold kiwifruit are smooth, oval fruit with a vibrant yellow colour and tropical taste: something like a cross between a mango and a strawberry. Compared to their Green counterpart they have a smaller core, fewer seeds and less fuzz.
▲黄心猕猴桃花粉
金猕猴桃品种
金色猕猴桃是一种光滑的椭圆形水果，具有鲜明的黄色和热带风味：有点像芒果和草莓的杂交。与绿色植物相比，它们的核更小，种子更少，绒毛更少。
▲kiwifruit▲
Since their development in the 1990s, Gold kiwifruit have steadily increased in popularity with Zespri producing more than 75 million trays of the highly nutritious fruit in 2019. Gold kiwifruit grows well in most of the main growing regions and is generally better suited compared to Hayward to areas that have warmer winters like Northland and Auckland.
▲zespri kiwifruit
自20世纪90年代开发以来，黄金猕猴桃的受欢迎程度稳步提高，2019年Zespri生产了超过7500万盘高营养水果。黄金猕猴桃在大多数主要种植区域生长良好，与海沃德相比，通常更适合冬季较暖的地区，如北国和奥克兰。
▲猕猴桃苗
G3 - Zespri SunGold Kiwifruit
Zespri SunGold kiwifruit are juicy, refreshing and sweet with just a hint of sour flavour. The female cultivar for Zespri SunGold is referred to as ‘Gold3’ and all orchards that grow Gold3 plants require a license from Zespri Group Limited.
G3-Zespri SunGold猕猴桃
Zespri SunGold猕猴桃多汁、清爽、甜甜，略带酸味。Zespri SunGold的雌性品种被称为“Gold3”，所有种植Gold3植物的果园都需要Zespri Group Limited的许可证。
▲redkiwifruit猕猴桃▲
Gold3 was developed between 2010 and 2012 to be more resistant to Psa-V bacteria than the previous Gold cultivar, Hort16A. It is essential to buy disease-free plants from a certified KVH nursery like Southern Cross Horticulture.
Gold3是在2010年至2012年之间开发的，比之前的黄金品种Hort16A更能抵抗Psa-V细菌。必须从认证的KVH苗圃（如南十字园艺）购买无病植物。
▲红心猕猴桃花粉
Male Cultivars for Zespri SunGold kiwifruit
New Zealand growers should look to pair their Gold3 female plants primarily with the M33 male cultivar to maximise their yield.
Zespri SunGold猕猴桃雄性品种
新西兰种植者应将其Gold3雌株与M33雄株配对，以最大限度地提高产量。
▲猕猴桃花粉
More recently, a small selection of new male cultivars became commercially available to growers which offer a different flowering window to M33. While the industry is still learning the exact fit of these new cultivars, the addition of a small number to an orchard could offer benefits to pollination in some settings where male and female synchronicity is challenging.
最近，一小部分新的雄性品种在市场上可供种植者选择，这为M33提供了一个不同的开花窗口。虽然业界仍在学习这些新品种的精确匹配性，但在果园中添加少量品种可能会在某些环境中为授粉带来好处，因为雄性和雌性同步性具有挑战性。
▲新西兰rubyred宝石红奇异果
Our horticultural staff can help advise growers and investors on finding the right ratio of male and female plants and how these should be positioned in your orchard.
我们的园艺工作人员可以帮助种植者和投资者找到合适的雌雄植物比例，以及如何在果园中定位。
▲kiwifruit seedling
Green Kiwifruit Cultivars
Traditional Green Kiwifruit are an iconic image of New Zealand identity. In 1927, a Kiwi grower by the name of Hayward Wright bred a new cultivar, now known as ‘Hayward’, which became the standard cultivar of exported Green Kiwifruit.
▲Kiwi pollination▲
绿色猕猴桃品种
传统的绿色猕猴桃是新西兰的标志性形象。1927年，一位名叫海沃德·赖特的猕猴桃种植者培育了一个新品种，现在被称为“海沃德”，成为出口绿色猕猴桃的标准品种。
▲Kiwifruit planting
Green Kiwifruit has a vibrant, fresh taste with a more tangy flavour than their Golden counterparts. They are packed with essential vitamins and nutrients and are still grown abundantly in both organic and conventional orchards.
绿色猕猴桃味道鲜美，比金色猕猴桃味道更浓烈。它们富含必需的维生素和营养，在有机果园和传统果园中仍大量生长。
Buy your green Kiwifruit plants here from Southern Cross Horticulture.
从南十字园艺中心购买绿色猕猴桃植物。
▲Kiwifruit pollen
Hayward - Zespri Green Kiwifruit
Zespri’s Green Kiwifruit are a vibrant, emerald green colour with a white core and black seeds. They are full of fibre, vitamin C and antioxidants making them a naturally juicy and refreshing fruit that both supports and enhances digestive health.
▲Yellow kiwi orchard
海沃德-Zespri绿色猕猴桃
Zespri的绿色猕猴桃是一种充满活力的翠绿色水果，果核为白色，种子为黑色。它们富含纤维、维生素C和抗氧化剂，是一种天然多汁、清爽的水果，既能支持消化健康，又能增强消化健康。
▲redkiwifruit▲
Growers do not need a license to grow Zespri Green kiwifruit. The convenience of this must, however, be balanced against current consumer demand and higher returns for Gold fruit.
种植者种植Zespri绿色猕猴桃不需要许可证。然而，这种便利性必须与当前的消费者需求和黄金水果的更高回报相平衡。
▲Kiwifruit pollen
Buy your plants here from Southern Cross Horticulture.
Male cultivars for Zespri Green Kiwifruit
The female ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit plant is best matched with a male cultivar called Chieftain. The number of male vines required will depend on how the orchard is setup – Southern Cross Horticulture can advise as required.
▲佳沛阳光金果
从南十字园艺公司购买您的植物。
Zespri绿色猕猴桃雄性品种
雌性“海沃德”猕猴桃与雄性品种Chieftain最为匹配。所需的雄藤数量将取决于果园的设置方式——南十字园艺公司可根据需要提供建议。
▲redkiwifruit猕猴桃▲
Zespri Red Kiwifruit
2020 saw the release of 150 hectares of licensing from Zespri for their new Red kiwifruit variety known as Red19. The red-centred kiwifruit brings a sweet, juicy, berry-twist to the SunGold flavour.
玉米红猕猴桃
2020年，Zespri为其新的红色猕猴桃品种Red19发放了150公顷的许可证。以红色为中心的猕猴桃为SunGold风味带来了甜美多汁的浆果风味。
▲kiwifruit seedling
Growers interested in obtaining licenses for Red19 will need to enter the annual tender process through Zespri Limited. At Southern Cross Horticulture we can support growers to understand the license application process.
有兴趣获得Red19许可证的种植者需要通过Zespri Limited进入年度招标过程。在南十字园艺公司，我们可以帮助种植者了解许可证申请流程。
▲猕猴桃苗
Red19 - Red Kiwifruit Cultivars
The most recent innovation in Kiwifruit growing has been the introduction of Red kiwifruit varieties. The refreshing, raspberry taste of the fruit has been well-received in market trials and the first fruit will begin commercial growing in New Zealand in 2020.
▲Yellow kiwi
Red19-红色猕猴桃品种
猕猴桃种植的最新创新是引进了红色猕猴桃品种。这款水果清新的覆盆子味道在市场试验中广受欢迎，第一款水果将于2020年在新西兰开始商业种植。
Because Red kiwifruit is relatively new, the industry is still learning the best methods and the best locations/sites to optimise productivity and returns.
由于红色猕猴桃相对较新，该行业仍在学习最佳方法和最佳地点，以优化生产力和回报。
▲猕猴桃花粉▲
Red19 - Graft options to grow Zespri Red Kiwifruit
Like SunGold, Red19 can be paired with M33 male plants for pollination along with MC79 and Russell male plants.
Red19-种植红猕猴桃的嫁接选择
像SunGold一样，Red19可以与M33雄性植物配对，与MC79和Russell雄性植物一起授粉。
Growing Organic Kiwifruit
For growers and consumers who are looking for sustainable production practices that protect the environment, deciding to grow organic kiwifruit allows growers and consumers to retain the great taste of Zespri kiwifruit alongside 100% organic inputs.
▲有机红心猕猴桃照片▲
种植有机猕猴桃
对于寻求保护环境的可持续生产实践的种植者和消费者来说，决定种植有机猕猴桃可以让种植者与消费者在100%有机投入的同时保留Zespri猕猴桃的美味。
Choosing a region and site for an Organic kiwifruit requires careful consideration. Winter chilling, soil type and pest and disease prevalence all contribute to the management of an Organic kiwifruit orchard.
选择一个地区和地点种植有机猕猴桃需要仔细考虑。冬季寒冷、土壤类型和病虫害流行都有助于有机猕猴桃果园的管理。
▲在红心猕猴桃商量订货▲
All Zespri Organic kiwifruit are grown to leading international standards and certified through a rigorous process that is overseen by BioGro, New Zealand. In order to meet the requirements for certification, organic kiwifruit need to adhere to stringent international standards.
所有Zespri有机猕猴桃均按照领先的国际标准种植，并通过新西兰BioGro监督的严格流程认证。为了满足认证要求，有机猕猴桃需要遵守严格的国际标准。
▲kiwifruit猕猴桃▲
Zespri take great pride in reducing their environmental impact and even the label on Zespri organic is biodegradable and can be thrown on the compost heap.
Zespri以减少对环境的影响而自豪，甚至Zespri organic上的标签都是可生物降解的，可以扔在堆肥堆上。
Before growing organic fruit, growers should work closely with horticultural specialists like our Southern Cross staff, to assess the growing conditions present in their orchard. This will give you the best chance for high, successful kiwifruit yield.
在种植有机水果之前，种植者应与园艺专家（如我们的南十字工作人员）密切合作，评估果园中的生长条件。这将为您提供获得高成功猕猴桃产量的最佳机会。
▲kiwifruit▲
Zespri Organic Kiwifruit
Organic kiwifruit are not a different variety, but a different method of growing. For this reason, organic fruit do not have a different cultivar name.
Zespri有机猕猴桃
有机猕猴桃不是一个不同的品种，而是一种不同的种植方法。因此，有机水果没有不同的品种名称。
▲redkiwifruit猕猴桃▲
To grow Zespri Organic SunGold [G3] or Zespri Organic Red [Red19], growers will need to bid in the annual tender for a specific organic license from Zespri.
要种植Zespri Organic SunGold[G3]或Zespri有机红[Red19]，种植者需要在Zespri的特定有机许可证年度招标中进行投标。
（猕猴桃苗）
You do not require a Zespri license to grow any male cultivars or Organic Green fruit, however, these plants would still be required to meet the BioGro certification standards for organic kiwifruit.
种植任何雄性品种或有机绿色水果不需要Zespri许可证，但是，这些植物仍需符合BioGro有机猕猴桃认证标准。
▲kiwifruit猕猴桃▲
Choosing a rootstock for your kiwifruit cultivars
Choosing a rootstock for your kiwifruit cultivars is often based on the soil type and condition within your orchard but it is also worth understanding how it will influence the management and productivity of the fruiting kiwifruit scion. The right choice of rootstock for your orchard will create the best platform for productivity in future years.
为您的猕猴桃品种选择砧木
选择猕猴桃品种的砧木通常基于果园内的土壤类型和条件，但也值得了解它将如何影响果实猕猴桃接穗的管理和生产力。果园砧木的正确选择将为未来几年的生产力创造最佳平台。
▲redkiwifruit猕猴桃▲
The two primary rootstocks used by New Zealand growers are Bruno and Bounty71. Bruno has been commonly used as a reliable and productive rootstock by growers since the late 1970’s and is found on the majority of NZ’s Green, Gold and Red kiwifruit orchards. Bounty is a relatively new option (released to the industry in 2012), but it is generally considered to have better tolerance to heavy, poorly drained soil conditions and may in some settings offer additional benefits to yield and fruit quality.
新西兰种植者使用的两种主要砧木是Bruno和Bounty71。自20世纪70年代末以来，Bruno已被种植者普遍用作可靠和高产的砧木，并在新西兰大多数绿色、金色和红色猕猴桃果园中发现。Bounty是一个相对较新的选择（2012年发布给业界），但通常认为它对重度、排水不良的土壤条件具有更好的耐受性，在某些情况下，它可能会为产量和水果质量带来额外的好处。
▲kiwifruit▲
Partnering with Southern Cross Horticulture gives you the opportunity to work closely with our horticultural staff who can visit your orchard, test soil quality and offer advice on which rootstock would be best for your kiwifruit vines.
与南十字园艺公司合作，让您有机会与我们的园艺人员密切合作，他们可以参观您的果园，测试土壤质量，并就哪种砧木最适合您的猕猴桃藤提供建议。
（猕猴桃花粉）
The grafting process combines your fruiting varieties of choice with the rootstock best suited to your land. You can read more about the grafting process in 016 – Buy kiwifruit vines to find out about our exacting standards and the premium quality kiwifruit plants available from our KVH certified Nurseries.
嫁接过程将您选择的果实品种与最适合您土地的砧木结合起来。您可以在2016年阅读更多关于嫁接过程的信息–购买猕猴桃藤，了解我们严格的标准以及KVH认证苗圃提供的优质猕猴桃植物。
▲redkiwifruit猕猴桃▲
Order your plants from an authorised Kiwifruit Nursery
The best way to ensure you grow strong, healthy kiwifruit vines that produce a high yield of fruit is to purchase them from an authorised Kiwifruit Nursery.
从授权的猕猴桃苗圃订购您的植物
确保您种植结实、健康、产量高的猕猴桃藤的最佳方法是从授权的猕猴桃苗圃购买。
KVH Certified Nurseries provide growers and investors with the peace of mind that they are purchasing disease-free, certified plants of the highest possible standard.
KVH认证苗圃让种植者和投资者放心，因为他们正在购买最高标准的无病认证植物。
▲红心猕猴桃图片▲
Ready to get started?
To find out more about our plants and plant availability please use the following nursery enquiry form, and one of our team will get back to you as soon as possible.
准备好开始了吗？
要了解更多关于我们的植物和植物可用性的信息，请使用以下苗圃咨询表，我们的一个团队将尽快回复您。
▲红阳猕猴桃丰产果园图片▲
If you’d like to know more about establishing your own kiwifruit orchard, the first step is for us to meet. We’d welcome the opportunity to visit your land, to listen to your vision, and discuss the potential to create a world-class orchard with you.
如果您想了解更多关于建立自己的猕猴桃果园的信息，第一步是让我们见面。我们欢迎有机会参观您的土地，聆听您的愿景，并与您讨论创建世界级果园的潜力。
▲redkiwifruit猕猴桃▲
