If you enjoy the kiwifruit typically found at supermarkets and have wondered about growing them yourself, you're in luck. Kiwifruit, also known as Actinidia deliciosa, can be grown in many home gardens under the right care and conditions. Native to Asia (not New Zealand, as many may assume), kiwifruit is a woody vine that can be used to cover an arbor or similar garden structure where it will be both aesthetically pleasing and productive.
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如果你喜欢超市里常见的猕猴桃，并且想自己种，那你就幸运了。猕猴桃，也称为美味猕猴桃，在适当的护理和条件下可以在许多家庭花园中种植。猕猴桃原产于亚洲（不是许多人认为的新西兰），是一种木质藤蔓植物，可以用来覆盖乔木或类似的花园结构，在那里既美观又高产。
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Best planted in early spring or late fall, kiwifruit will grow quickly in size, often adding between 6 to 12 feet a year. That being said, only mature female vines will produce fruit, and many won't do so until they're at least three years old. The best fruit production often occurs when the vine is eight years or older, and it can continue to produce for forty years or more.
猕猴桃最好在早春或晚秋种植，生长迅速，通常一年增加6到12英尺。也就是说，只有成熟的雌性藤蔓才会结果实，许多藤蔓至少要到三岁才能结果实。最好的果实产量通常出现在葡萄树8年或更老的时候，并且可以持续生产40年或更长时间。
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Kiwifruit Care
Growing kiwifruit can be a bit involved, but the payout—tons of delicious, sweet fruits—is more than worth it. The fruit is actually classified as a berry, with each kiwi measuring about 3 inches long and shaped like an egg, with a fuzzy brown exterior. Kiwifruit vines are ideal to grow on a wooden structure such as a gazebo, trellis, pergola, arbor, or fence.
When planning where to plant your kiwifruit vine, make sure you have enough room and supports for at least two vines, since you will need both male and female plants for successful pollination of this dioecious species. The flowers can be cream or yellow in color and will have a slight perfume to them. Proper watering and pruning are especially important for kiwifruit vines since the fruit is formed on year-old wood.
猕猴桃护理
种植猕猴桃可能有点牵扯其中，但付出数吨美味、甜美的水果是值得的。这种水果实际上被归类为一种浆果，每个猕猴桃长约3英寸，形状像一个鸡蛋，外表呈模糊的棕色。猕猴桃藤最适合在露台、棚架、凉棚、乔木或栅栏等木质结构上生长。
当计划在哪里种植猕猴桃藤时，确保你有足够的空间和支持至少两个藤蔓，因为你需要雄性和雌性植物来成功授粉这种雌雄异株物种。这些花可以是奶油色或黄色，并会有轻微的香水。适当的浇水和修剪对猕猴桃藤来说尤其重要，因为果实是在年久的木材上形成的。
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Light
Plant your kiwifruit vine somewhere where it can receive full sun or partial shade throughout the year. The more sun the plant gets, the better its fruit production will be, and you should aim for at least eight hours of light a day.
光
把你的猕猴桃藤种在一个全年都可以接受充分阳光或部分遮荫的地方。植物获得的阳光越多，其果实产量就会越好，你应该每天保持至少8小时的光照。
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Soil
Kiwifruit vines prefer soil that is acidic, with a pH level between 5.0 and 6.8. When it comes to soil composition, the vine isn't super picky but does best in a blend that is fertile, moist, and well-draining. When planting your vines, space each one approximately 10 feet apart to give them plenty of room to grow and thrive.
土壤
猕猴桃藤更喜欢酸性土壤，pH值在5.0到6.8之间。就土壤成分而言，猕猴桃藤不太挑剔，但在肥沃、潮湿、排水良好的混合土壤中表现最好。种植藤蔓时，每个藤蔓相距约10英尺，以给它们足够的空间生长和茁壮成长。
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Water
Your kiwifruit vines will need consistent watering and are not at all tolerant of drought. Because of this, you should never allow their soil to dry out. That being said, they also don't like wet feet, making well-draining soil especially imperative. If you notice any browning or drooping leaves on the vine, that's usually a sign that your plant could use more water.
水
你的猕猴桃藤需要持续浇水，而且根本不耐旱。因此，你永远不应该让他们的土壤变干。也就是说，他们也不喜欢湿脚，这使得排水良好的土壤尤为必要。如果你注意到藤蔓上有任何褐变或下垂的叶子，这通常表明你的植物可能需要更多的水。
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Temperature and Humidity
True to their semi-tropical nature, kiwifruit prefers moderate temperatures, though they do need a period of cold (around 45 degrees Fahrenheit for at least a month) to set fruit. Additionally, the vines can tolerate hot summer temperatures up to 114 degrees Fahrenheit, though they will need additional water to compensate. When it comes to humidity needs, kiwifruit has no special requirements and will do just fine in the humidity levels of their USDA hardiness zones.
温度和湿度
尽管猕猴桃需要一段时间的寒冷（大约45华氏度，至少一个月）才能结果实，但由于其亚热带性质，猕猴桃更喜欢温和的温度。此外，这些藤蔓可以承受高达114华氏度的夏季高温，尽管它们需要额外的水来补偿。当谈到湿度需求时，猕猴桃没有特殊要求，在美国农业部抗逆性区的湿度水平下表现良好。
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Fertilizer
Kiwifruit vines do best when planted in soil that is high in organic matter and nitrogen. If nitrogen isn't present in your soil upon testing, you'll want to amend your mixture with a fertilizer high in the nutrient. Regular feedings are especially important as the vine is growing and getting established. Plan to feed your plant upon planting, in early spring, and in summer after the flowers die off using a slow-release all-purpose fertilizer blend.
肥料
猕猴桃藤种植在有机质和氮含量高的土壤中效果最好。如果测试时土壤中没有氮，你需要用高营养的肥料来改良混合物。随着葡萄树的生长和成熟，定期喂食尤为重要。计划在种植时、早春和花朵凋谢后的夏天使用缓释多用途肥料混合物喂养植物。
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Pruning Kiwifruit
Properly pruning your kiwifruit vines not only helps encourage more fruit growth but also ensures the vines don't become unruly. Starting with a strong framework (via a trellis or other structure) is essential—from there, trim around the main stem frequently until it grows tall enough to begin to form a canopy overhead. The best time to prune your kiwifruit vine is during the winter season when the plant is dormant.
修剪猕猴桃
适当修剪你的猕猴桃藤不仅有助于促进更多的水果生长，而且还能确保藤不会变得不规则。从那里开始，必须有一个坚固的框架（通过网格或其他结构），经常修剪主茎周围，直到它长得足够高，开始在头顶形成树冠。修剪猕猴桃藤的最佳时间是在植物休眠的冬季。
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Common Pests and Diseases
Kiwifruit vines are susceptible to a variety of common pests like spider mites and thrips, both of which can be easily controlled with horticultural oil. Another common issue for kiwifruit vines are pests that feed on the plant's fruit, mainly leafroller caterpillars and Japanese beetles. Your best bet is to pick the fruit frequently and encourage birds, which are natural predators of these bugs, to visit your garden.
常见病虫害
猕猴桃藤易受多种常见害虫的影响，如蜘蛛和蓟马，这两种害虫都可以用园艺油轻易控制。猕猴桃藤的另一个常见问题是以猕猴桃果实为食的害虫，主要是卷叶蛾和日本甲虫。你最好的选择是经常摘水果，并鼓励鸟类来参观你的花园。鸟类是这些虫子的天敌。
作者介绍：Vanessa Richins-Myers是一位经验丰富的园艺家、作家和教育家，拥有超过10年的专业园艺师和园丁培训和经验。她拥有园艺学学士学位，主修景观设计和城市园艺。她志愿担任社区花园专家。
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